1. Introduction to Embedded Systems : Embedded Systems, Processor Embedded into a System, Embedded Hardware Units and Devices In a System, Embedded Software in a system, Examples of Embedded Systems, Embedded System-on-chip (SOC) and Use of VLSI Circuit Design Technology, Complex Systems Design and Processors, Design Process in Embedded System, Formulization of System Design, Design Process and Design Examples, Classification of Embedded Systems, Skills Required for an Embedded System Designer. (Chapter - 1) 2. Device and Communication Buses : Timer and Counting Devices : Watch dog timer, Real time clock, Brown Out Reset, Serial Communication protocols : UART, I2C, SPI, SDIO, CAN, SDIO, USB, JTAG, Spy-Bi-Wire Parallel Communication protocols : ISA, AMBA, PCI, PCI-X, Wireless Communication Protocols : IrDA, Bluetooth, WiFi, Zigbee. (Chapter - 2) 3. Device Drivers and Interrupt Services Mechanism : Programmed-I/O Busy-wait Approach without Interrupt Services Mechanism, ISR Concept, Interrupt Sources, Interrupt Servicing (Handling) Mechanism, Multiple Interrupts, Context and the Periods for Context Switching, Interrupt Latency and Deadline, Classification of Processor Interrupt Service Mechanism from Context-Saving Angle, Direct Memory Access, Device Driver Programming. (Chapter - 3) 4. Inter-process Communication : Multiple process in an application, Multiple Threads in an application, Task and Task state, Task and Data, Clear-cut Distinction between Functions, ISRS and Tasks by their Characteristics, Concept of Semaphores, Shared Data, Inter process Communication, Signal Function, Semaphore Functions, Message Queue Functions, Mailbox Functions, Pipe Functions, Socket Functions, RPC Functions. (Chapter - 4) 5. Introduction to OS and Real Time Operating System : Overview of OS : Multirate Systems, Processes and Threads, Context Switching, Multi tasking, Cooperative Multi-tasking, Pre-emptive Operating Systems structure, Operating system function, Timing requirements on processes, Features of an Operating System, Features of RTOS, Case studies : FreeRTOS. COS, RTx51 TinyOS, Benchmarking RTOS, VxWorks. (Chapter - 5) 6. Software Architectures and Real Time Task Scheduling : Requirements of Embedded Software, Interrupts - Basics, latency, Process state and scheduling, Clock driven and Event driven scheduling, Rate-Monotonic Scheduling, Earliest-Deadline First Scheduling, Fault-Tolerant Scheduling, Round Robin, Round robin with interrupt, function queue scheduling. (Chapter - 6) 7. MSP430 (Case Study) : Motivation for MSP 430 Microcontrollers, MSP430 RISC CPU architecture, Compiler-friendly features, On-chip peripherals and programming for - Watchdog Timer, Basic Timer, Real Time Clock (RTC), ADC, Universal Serial Communication Interface (USCI), Low-power features of MSP430. (Chapter - 7)
