Unit I Overview of Operating System Operating System Objectives and Functions, The Evolution of Operating Systems, Developments Leading to Modern Operating Systems, Virtual Machines, Introduction to Linux OS, BASH Shell scripting : Basic shell commands. (Chapter - 1) Unit II Process Management Process : Concept of a Process, Process States, Process Description, Process Control Threads : Processes and Threads, Concept of Multithreading, Types of Threads, Thread programming Using Pthreads. Scheduling : Types of Scheduling, Scheduling Algorithms, First Come First Served, Shortest Job First, Priority, Round Robin. (Chapter - 2) Unit III Concurrency Control Process / thread Synchronization and Mutual Exclusion : Principles of Concurrency, Requirements for Mutual Exclusion, Mutual Exclusion : Operating System Support (Semaphores and Mutex). Classical synchronization problems : Readers / Writers Problem, Producer and Consumer problem, Inter-process communication (Pipes, Shared Memory). Deadlock : Principles of Deadlock, Deadlock Modeling, and Strategies to deal with deadlock: Prevention, Avoidance, Detection and Recovery. Example : Dining Philosophers Problem / Banker’s Algorithm. (Chapter - 3) Unit IV Memory Management Memory Management : Memory Management Requirements, Memory Partitioning : Fixed Partitioning, Dynamic Partitioning, Buddy System, Relocation, Paging, Page table structure, Segmentation. Virtual Memory : Background, Demand Paging, Page Replacement (FIFO, LRU, Optimal), Allocation of frames, Thrashing. (Chapter - 4) Unit V Input / Output and File Management I/O Management and Disk Scheduling : I/O Devices, Organization of the I/O Function, I/O Buffering, Disk Scheduling (FIFO, SSTF, SCAN, C-SCAN, LOOK, C-LOOK). File Management : Overview-Files and File Systems, File structure. File Organization and Access, File Directories, File Sharing, Record Blocking, Secondary Storage Management. (Chapter - 5) Unit VI Systems Software and its Importance
