UNIT - I Precession : Gyroscopes - effect of precession - motion on the stability of moving vehicles such as motorcycle - motorcar - aeroplanes and ships. Static and Dynamic Force Analysis : Static force analysis of planar mechanisms - Analytical Method - Dynamic Force Analysis - D’Alembert’s principle, Dynamic Analysis of 4-link mechanism, Slider Crank Mechanism. (Chapters - 1, 2) UNIT - II Turning Moment Diagram and Flywheels : Engine Force Analysis - Piston Effort, Crank Effort, etc., Inertia Force in Reciprocating Engine - Graphical Method - Turning moment diagram -fluctuation of energy - flywheels and their design - Inertia of connecting rod- inertia force in reciprocating engines - crank effort and torque diagrams. (Chapter - 3) UNIT - III Friction : pivots and collars - uniform pressure, uniform wear - friction circle and friction axis : lubricated surfaces - boundary friction - film lubrication. Clutches - Types - Single plate, multi-plate and cone clutches. Brakes and Dynamometers : Types of brakes : Simple block brake, band and block brake-internal expanding shoe brake-effect of braking of a vehicle. Dynamometers - absorption and transmission types. General description and methods of operation. (Chapters - 4, 5) UNIT - IV Governors : Types of governors - Watt, Porter and Proell governors. Spring loaded governors - Hartnell and Hartung with auxiliary springs. Sensitiveness, isochronisms and hunting - stability - effort and power of the governors. Balancing : Balancing of rotating masses - Primary, Secondary and higher balancing of reciprocating masses. Analytical and graphical methods. Unbalanced forces and couples. Examination of “V” and multi cylinder in-line and radial engines for primary and secondary balancing - locomotive balancing - Hammer blow - Swaying couple - variation of tractive effort. (Chapters - 6, 7) UNIT - V Vibrations
