Syllabus Power System Operation and Control - (3170919) Credits Examination Marks Total Marks C Theory Marks Practical Marks ESE (E) PA (M) PA (V) PA (I) 3 70 30 00 00 100 Sr. No. Content 1. Automatic Generation Control and Voltage Control : Introduction; Load Frequency Control (Single Area Case); Load Frequency Control and Economic Despatch Control; Two-Area Load Frequency Control; Optimal (Two-Area) Load Frequency Control; Automatic Voltage Control; Load Frequency Control with Generation Rate Constraints (GRCs). (Chapter - 1) 2. Reactive Power and Voltage Control : Introduction; Reactive power requirement of an uncompensated line; Implication of surge impedance loading; Reactive loss characteristics of transmission line; Operation of a transmission line at no load condition; Operation of a transmission line under heavy loading condition; Voltage regulation of the transmission line and its relation with reactive power; Maximum power transfer in an uncompensated line; Line loadability. Reactive power-voltage (Q-V) coupling concept; Operational aspects in reactive power and voltage control; Basic principle of system voltage control; Reactive power flow constraints and their implications in loss of voltage; Power System Voltage Stability : Introduction, Difference between angle stability and voltage stability, Causes of voltage instability, types, proximity and mechanism of voltage stability, Practical aspects of reactive power flow problems leading to voltage collapse in EHV lines. (Chapter - 2) 3. Power System Security : Introduction; System State Classification; Security Analysis; Contingency Analysis; Sensitivity Factors : generation shift distribution factor, line shift distribution factor. (Chapter - 3) 4. State Estimation : Introduction; Least Squares Estimation : The Basic Solution; Static State Estimation of Power Systems; Tracking State Estimation of Power Systems; Some Computational Considerations; External System Equivalency; Treatment of Bad Data; Network Observability and Pseudo-Measurements; Application of Power System State Estimation. (Chapter - 4) 5. Load Forecasting : Introduction; Forecasting Methodology; Estimation of Average and Trend Terms; Estimation of Periodic Components; Estimation of ys(k) : Time Series Approach; Estimation of Stochastic Component : Kalman Filtering Approach; Long-Term Load Predictions Using Econometric Models; Reactive Load Forecasting. (Chapter - 5) 6. Introduction to Power System Deregulation and Restructuring : Introduction; Motivation for Restructuring of power system; Electricity market entities and model; Benefits of Deregulation; Basic terminologies; Deregulation - International scenario; Milestones of deregulation in the world; Indian power sector - Past and present status : Growth of power sector in India - An overview, A time line of the Indian power sector, Players in the Indian power sector, Research and professional bodies. (Chapter - 6)
