UNIT - I Overview of Operating System Operating System Objectives and Functions, The Evolution of Operating Systems, Developments Leading to Modern Operating Systems, Virtual Machines. BASH Shell scripting: Basic shell commands, shell as a scripting language. (Chapter - 1) UNIT - II Process Description And Control Process : Concept of a Process, Process States, Process Description, Process Control (Process creation, Waiting for the process/processes, Loading programs into processes and Process Termination), Execution of the Operating System. Threads : Processes and Threads, Concept of Multithreading, Types of Threads, Thread programming Using Pthreads. Scheduling : Types of Scheduling, Scheduling Algorithms and Thread Scheduling. (Chapter - 2) UNIT - III Concurrency Control Process/thread Synchronization and Mutual Exclusion : Principles of Concurrency, Requirements for Mutual Exclusion, Mutual Exclusion : Hardware Support, Operating System Support (Semaphores and Mutex), Programming Language Support (Monitors). Classical Synchronization Problems : Readers/Writers Problem, Producer and Consumer problem, Interprocess communication (Pipes, shared memory : system V). Deadlock : Principles of Deadlock, Deadlock Modeling, Strategies to deal with deadlock : The Ostrich Algorithm, Deadlock Prevention, Deadlock Avoidance, Deadlock detection and recovery, An Integrated, Deadlock Strategy, Example : Dining Philosophers Problem. (Chapter - 3) UNIT - IV Memory Management Memory Management : Memory Management Requirements, Memory Partitioning: Fixed Partitioning, Dynamic Partitioning, Buddy System, Relocation, Paging, Segmentation. Virtual Memory : Hardware and Control Structures, Operating System Software. (Chapter - 4) UNIT - V Input / Output and File Management I/O Management and Disk Scheduling : I/O Devices, Organization of the I/O Function, Operating System, Design Issues, I/O Buffering, Disk Scheduling (FIFO, SSTF, SCAN, C-SCAN, LOOK, C-LOOK), Disk Cache. File Management : Overview, File Organization and Access, File Directories, File Sharing, Record Blocking, Secondary Storage Management. (Chapter - 5) UNIT - VI The LINUX Operating System Linux Design Principles, Linux Booting Process, Kernel Modules, Process Management, Scheduling, Memory Management, File Systems, Input and Output, Inter-process Communication. (Chapter - 6)
