Unit - I Benzene and its derivatives A. Analytical, synthetic and other evidences in the derivation of structure of benzene, Orbital picture, resonance in benzene, aromatic characters, Huckel’s rule B. Reactions of benzene - nitration, sulphonation, halogenation reactivity, Friedelcrafts alkylation- reactivity, limitations, Friedelcrafts acylation. C. Substituents, effect of substituents on reactivity and orientation of mono substituted benzene compounds towards electrophilic substitution reaction D. Structure and uses of DDT, Saccharin, BHC and Chloramine(Chapter - 1) Unit - II Phenols - Acidity of phenols, effect of substituents on acidity, qualitative tests, Structure and uses of phenol, cresols, resorcinol, naphthols Aromatic Amines - Basicity of amines, effect of substituents on basicity, and synthetic uses of aryl diazonium salts Aromatic Acids - Acidity, effect of substituents on acidity and important reactions of benzoic acid. (Chapter - 2) Unit - III Fats and Oils a. Fatty acids – reactions. b. Hydrolysis, Hydrogenation, Saponification and Rancidity of oils, Drying oils. c. Analytical constants – Acid value, Saponification value, Ester value, Iodine value, Acetyl value, Reichert Meissl (RM) value – significance and principle involved in their determination. (Chapter - 3) Unit - IV Polynuclear hydrocarbons : a. Synthesis, reactions b. Structure and medicinal uses of Naphthalene, Phenanthrene, Anthracene, Diphenylmethane, Triphenylmethane and their derivatives (Chapter - 4) Unit- V Cyclo alkanes Stabilities – Baeyer’s strain theory, limitation of Baeyer’s strain theory, Coulson and Moffitt’s modification, Sachse Mohr’s theory (Theory of strainless rings), reactions of cyclopropane and cyclobutane only (Chapter - 5)
