Unit I : DSP Preliminaries and Applications Sampling, DT signals, sampling theorem in time domain, sampling of analog signals, recovery of analog signals, and analytical treatment with examples, mapping between analog frequencies to digital frequency, representation of signals as vectors, concept of Basis function and orthogonality, Eigen value and eigen vector, Basic elements of DSP and its requirements, advantages of Digital over Analog signal processing. Unit II : Discrete Fourier Transform DTFT, Definition, Frequency domain sampling, DFT, Properties of DFT, circular convolution, linear convolution, Computation of linear convolution using circular convolution, FFT, decimation in time and decimation in frequency using Radix-2 FFT algorithm, Linear filtering using overlap add and overlap save method, Amplitude spectrum and power spectrum, Introduction to Discrete Cosine Transform. Unit III : Z transform Need for transform, relation between Laplace transform and Z transform, relation between Fourier transform and Z transform, Properties of ROC, properties of Z transform, Relation between pole locations and time domain behavior, causality and stability considerations for LTI systems, Inverse Z transform, Power series method, partial fraction expansion method, Solution of difference equations using Z transform. Unit IV : IIR Filter Design Concept of analog filter design, IIR filter design by approximation of derivatives, IIR filter design by impulse invariance method, Bilinear transformation method, warping effect. Butterworth filter design, Characteristics of Butterworth filters, Chebyshev filters and elliptic filters, IIR filter realization using direct form, cascade form and parallel form, Finite word length effect in IIR filter design. Unit V : FIR Filter Design Ideal filter requirements, Gibbs phenomenon, windowing techniques, characteristics and comparison of different window functions, Design of linear phase FIR filter using windows and frequency sampling method. Magnitude and Phase response of Digital filters, Frequency response of Linear phase FIR filters, FIR filters realization using direct form, cascade form , Finite word length effect in FIR filter design. Unit VI : DSP Applications Overview of DSP in real world applications such as Digital crossover audio systems, Interference cancellation in ECG, Speech coding and compression, Compact disc recording system, Vibration signature analysis for defective gear teeth, Speech noise reduction, two band digital crossover.
