Unit - I Overview of geology and geotechnical engineering 1.1 Introduction of geology, different branches of geology, importance of geology for civil engineering structure and comosition of earth. l.2 Introduction of petrology, definition of a rock, classification based on their genesis(mode of origin), formation, classification and engineering uses of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks. 1.3 IS definition of soil, Importance of soil in Civil Engineering as construction material in Civil Engineering as construction material in Civil Engineering Structures, as foundation bed for structures. 1.4 Field application of geotechnical engineering for foundation design, pavement design, design of earth retaining structures, design of earthen dam. Unit - II Physical and Index Properties of Soil 2.1 Soil as a three phase system, water content, determination of water content by oven drying method as per ID code, void ratio, porosity and degree of saturation, density index, unit weight of soil mass - bulk unit weight, dry unit weight, unit weight of solids, saturated unit weight, submerged unit weight, determination of bulk unit weight and dry unit weight by core cutter method and sand replacement method as per IS code, specific gravity, determination of specific gravity by pycnometer. 2.2 Consistency of soil, stages of consistency, Atterberg's limits of consistencty viz. Liquid limit, plastic limit and shrinkage limit, plasticity index, determination of liquid limit, plastic limit and shrinkage limit as IS code. 2.3 Particle size distribution, mechanical sieve analysis as per IS code particle size distribution curve, effective diameter of soil, Uniformity coefficient and coefficient of curvature, well graded and uniformly graded soils, particle size. Classification of soils, I.S. classification of soil. Unit - III Permeability and Shear Strength of Soil 3.1 Definition of permeability, Darcy's law of permeability, coefficient of permeability, factors affecting permeability, determination of coefficient of permeability by constant head and falling head permeability tests, simple problems to determine coefficient of permeability. Seepage through earthen structures, seepage velocity, seepage pressure, pheratic line, flow line, application of flow net, (No numerical problems.) 3.2 Shear failure of soil, field situation of shear failure, concept of shear strength of soil, components of shearing resistance of soil - cohesion, internal friction. Mohr-coulomb failure theory, strength envelope, strength Equation for purely cohesive and cohesion less soils. Direct shear test and vane shear test-laboratory methods. Unit - IV Bearing Capacity of Soil 4.1 Bearing capacity and theory of earth pressure : Concept of bearing capacity, ultimate bearing capacity, safe bearing capacity and allowable bearing pressure, Introduction to Terzaghi's analysis and assumptions made, effect of water table on bearing capacity. 4.2 Field methods for determination of bearing capacity - Plate load test and standard penetration test. Test procedure as Per IS: 1888 & IS : 2131 4.3 Definition of earth pressure, active earth pressure and passive earth pressure for no surcharge condition, coefficient of earth pressure, Rankine's theory and assumptions made for non-cohesive Soils. Unit - V Compaction and Stabilization of Soil 5.1 Concept of compaction, purpose of compaction, field situations where compaction is required, Standard proctor test , test procedure as per IS code, Compaction curve, optimum moisture content, maximum dry density, Zero air voids line, Modified proctor test, factors affecting compaction, field methods of compaction - rolling, ramming and vibration and Suitability of various compaction equipments-smooth wheel roller, sheep foot roller, pneumatic tyred roller, rammer and vibrator, difference between compaction and consolidation. 5.2 Concept of soil stabilization, necessity of soil stabilization, different methods of soil stabilization - mechanical soil stabilization, lime stabilization, cement stabilization, bitumen stabilization, fly-ash stabilization. California bearing ratio, C.B.R. test, meaning of C.B.R. value. 5.3 Necessity of site investigation and sub-soil exploration, types of exploration, criteria for deciding the location and number of test pits and bores. Field identification of soil - dry strength test, dilatancy test and toughness test.
