Unit IRandom Processes and Noise Random Processes : Introduction, Mathematical definition of a random process, Stationary processes, Mean, Correlation and Covariance function, Ergodic processes, Transmission of a random process through a LTI filter, Power spectral density. Mathematical Representation of Noise : Some Sources of Noise, Frequency-domain Representation of Noise, Superposition of Noises, Linear Filtering of Noise, Quadrature Components of Noise, Representation of Noise using Orthonormal Coordinates. (Chapter - 1) Unit IIDigital Modulation - I Baseband Signal Receiver : Probability of Error, Optimal Receiver Design. Digital Modulation : Generation, Reception, Signal Space Representation and Probability of Error Calculation for Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK), Binary Frequency Shift Keying (BFSK), Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK), M-ary Phase Shift Keying (MPSK). (Chapter - 2) Unit III Digital Modulation - II Generation, Reception, Signal Space Representation and Probability of Error Calculation for Quadrature Amplitude Shift Keying (QASK), M-ary FSK (MFSK), Minimum Shift Keying (MSK), Pulse Shaping to reduce Interchannel and Intersymbol Interference, some Issues in transmission and reception, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), Comparison of digital modulation systems. (Chapter - 3) Unit IV Spread Spectrum Modulation Use of Spread Spectrum, Direct Sequence (DS) Spread Spectrum, Spread Spectrum and Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Ranging Using DS Spread Spectrum, Frequency Hopping (FH) Spread Spectrum, Pseudorandom (PN) Sequences : Generation and Characteristics, Synchronization in Spread Spectrum Systems. (Chapter - 4) Unit VInformation Theoretic Approach to Communication System Unit VI Error-Control Coding
