Unit I Fundamentals of 3D Modeling Introduction, Product Life Cycle, CAD tools in the design process of Product Cycle, Scope of CAD, Software Modules - Operating System (OS) module, Geometric module, application module, programming module, communication module, Computer Aided Design - Features, requirements and applications. 3D Modeling approach - Primitive, Features and Sketching, Types of Geometric models - 2½ extrusions, axisymmetric, composite, 3D objects, difference between wireframe, surface & solid modeling, Modeling strategies. Model viewing : VRML web-based viewing. (Chapter - 1) Unit II Curves & Surfaces Curves : Methods of defining Point, Line and Circle, Curve representation - Cartesian and Parametric space, Analytical and Synthetic curves, Parametric equation of line, circle, ellipse, Continuity (C0, C1 & C2), Synthetic Curves - Hermit Cubic Spline, Bezier, B-Spline Curve, Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline curves (NURBS). Surfaces : Surface representation, Types of Surfaces, Bezier, B-Spline, NURBS Surface, Coons patch surface, Surface Modeling. Reverse Engineering : Introduction, Point Cloud Data (PCD), PCD file formats, Quality issues in PCD, Requirements for conversion of surface models into solid models, Applications of PCD. (Chapter - 2) Unit III Solid Modeling Introduction, Geometry and Topology, Solid entities, Solid representation, Fundamentals of Solid modeling, Half spaces, Boundary representation (B-Rep), Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG), Sweep representation, Analytical solid modeling, Parametric solid modeling, feature based modeling, etc., Euler Equation (Validity of 3D solids), Mass Property Calculations. Introduction to Assembly Modeling, Assemblies (Top-down and Bottom-up approach), Design for Manufacturing [DFM], Design for Easy Assembly & Disassembly [DFA], Design for Safety. (Chapter - 3) Unit IV Geometric Transformation Introduction, Geometric Transformations, Translation, Scaling, Rotation, Reflection/Mirror, Shear, Homogeneous Transformation, Inverse Transformation, Concatenated Transformation (limited to 2D objects with maximum 3 points only), Coordinate systems - Model (MCS), Working (WCS), Screen (SCS) coordinate system, Mapping of coordinate systems. Projections of geometric models - Orthographic and Perspective projections, Design and Engineering applications. (Chapter - 4) Unit V CAD Data Exchange Introduction, CAD Kernels, CAD Data File, Data interoperability, CAD Data Conversions, challenges in CAD data conversions/remedies, Direct Data Translators, Neutral 3D CAD file formats (DXF, IGES, PDES, STEP, ACIS, Parasolid, STL, etc.), Data Quality. Requirements of CAD file format for 3D Printing (Additive Manufacturing), CAE, FEA, CFD, CAM (Subtractive Manufacturing), Multi-Body Dynamics (Motion Simulations), Computer Aided Inspection (CAI), Computer Aided Technologies (CAx), AR/VR applications, etc., Introduction to CAD Geometry Clean-up for different applications. (Chapter - 5) Unit VI CAD Customization & Automation Introduction, Limitations of 2D drawings, Introduction to Product and Manufacturing Information (PMI), Model Based Definitions (MBD), Applications of PMI & MBD. CAD Customization : Introduction, advantages and disadvantages, Applications of Customization Interfaces, Product Customization Approaches - Part Modeling Customization, Assembly Modeling Customization, Drawing sheets & PMI Customization, CAD Automation. Introduction to Application Programming Interface (API), Structures of APIs, Coding/Scripting for customization, Introduction to CAD API Development, CAD Files & application handling. (Chapter - 6)
