Syllabus Pharmacognosy • Definition, history, present status and scope of Pharmacognosy. (Chapter - 1) • Classification of drugs : Alphabetical, Taxonomical, Morphological, Pharmacological, Chemical, Chemo-taxonomical. (Chapter - 2) • Quality control of crude drugs : Different methods of adulteration of crude drugs Evaluation of crude drugs. (Chapter - 3) • Brief outline of occurrence, distribution, isolation, identification tests, therapeutic activity and pharmaceutical applications of alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, volatile oils, tannins and resins. (Chapter - 4) • Biological source, chemical constituents and therapeutic efficacy of the following categories of crude drugs. Laxatives - Aloe, Castor oil, Ispaghula, Senna, Cardiotonic - Digitalis, Arjuna, Carminatives and G.I. regulators - Coriander, Fennel, Cardamom,Ginger, Clove, Black pepper, Asafoetida, Nutmeg, Cinnamon, Astringents - Myrobalan, Black Catechu, Pale Catechu, Drugs acting on nervous system Hyoscyamus, Belladonna, Ephedra, Opium, Tea leaves, Coffee seeds, Coca, Anti-hypertensive - Rauwolfia, Anti-tussive - Vasaka, Tolu Balsam, Anti-rheumatics - Colchicum seed, Anti-tumour - Vinca, Podophyllum, Antidiabetics - Pterocarpus, Gymnema, Diuretics - Gokhru, Punarnava, Anti-dysenteric - Ipecacuanha, Antiseptics and disinfectants - Benzoin, Myrrh, Neem, Turmeric, Antimalarials - Cinchona, Artemisia, Oxytocic - Ergot, Vitamins - Cod liver oil, Shark liver oil, Enzymes - Papaya, Diastase, Pancreatin, Yeast, Pharmaceutical Aids - Kaolin, Lanolin, Beeswax, Acacia, Tragacanth, Sodium alginate, Agar, Guar gum, Gelatine, Miscellaneous - Squill, Galls, Ashwagandha, Tulsi, Guggul. (Chapter - 5) • Plant fibres used as surgical dressings : Cotton, silk, wool and regenerated fibres Sutures - Surgical Catgut and Ligatures. (Chapter - 6) • Basic principles involved in the traditional systems of medicine like : Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani and Homeopathy. • Method of preparation of Ayurvedic formulations like : Arista, Asava, Gutika, Taila, Churna, Lehya and Bhasma.. (Chapter - 7) • Role of medicinal and aromatic plants in national economy and their export potential. (Chapter - 8) • Herbs as health food : Brief introduction and therapeutic applications of Nutraceuticals, Antioxidants, Pro-biotics, Pre-biotics, Dietary fibres, Omega-3-fatty acids, Spirulina, Carotenoids, Soya and Garlic. (Chapter - 9) • Introduction to herbal formulations. (Chapter - 10) • Herbal cosmetics : Sources, chemical constituents, commercial preparations, therapeutic and cosmetic uses of : Aloe vera gel, Almond oil, Lavender oil, Olive oil, Rosemary oil, Sandal Wood oil. (Chapter - 11) • Phytochemical investigation of drugs. (Chapter - 12)
