1. Basic Principles : Power in single phase AC circuits, Complex power, Complex power balance, Complex power flow, Balanced Three Phase Circuits, Star connected loads, Delta connected loads, Delta-star transformation, Per phase analysis, Balanced three phase power. (Chapter - 1) 2. Representation of Power System Components : One line and impedance diagram, Per unit system, Per unit representation of transformer, Per unit impedance diagram of power system, Examples - per unit system and impedance diagram, Synchronous machine, Power factor and power control, Salient pole synchronous generator, Operating chart of a synchronous generator, Representation of loads. (Chapter - 2) 3. Transmission Line Modeling and Performance : Introduction, Short transmission line, Medium transmission line, Long transmission line - Rigorous solution, Evaluation of ABCD constants, Interpretation of long line equations, Ferranti effect, Tuned power lines, Power through a transmission line, Circle diagrams, Methods of voltage control, Examples. (Chapter - 3) 4. Symmetrical Fault Analysis : Introduction, Transient on a transmission line, Short circuit of a synchronous machine on no load, short circuit of a loaded synchronous machine, Selection of circuit breakers, Examples, ZBUS formulation - by inverting YBUS, current injection technique, ZBUS building algorithm (Type - 1, 2, 3, 4 modifications). (Chapter - 4) 5. Symmetrical Components : Symmetrical component transformation, Phase shift in star-delta transformers, Sequence impedances of transmission lines, Sequence - impedances and networks of synchronous machines, Sequence impedances and networks of transformers, Construction of sequence networks of a power system, Examples. (Chapter - 5) 6. Unsymmetrical Fault Analysis : Introduction, Symmetrical component analysis of unsymmetrical faults, Single line to ground fault, Line to line fault, Double line to ground fault, Open conductor faults. (Chapter - 6) 7. Corona : Critical Disruptive Voltage, Corona Loss, Line Design based on Corona, Disadvantages of Corona, Radio Interference, Inductive interference between Power and Communication lines, Examples. (Chapter - 7) 8. Over-voltages in Power Systems : Causes of over-voltages, Internal causes of over-voltages, Mechanism of lightning discharge, Types of lightning strokes, Harmful effects of lightning, Protection against lightning, Earthing screen, Overhead ground wires, Lightning arresters, Surge absorber. (Chapter - 8) 9. Transients in Power Systems : Travelling waves on transmission lines, Open end line, Short circuited line, Line terminated through a resistance, Line connected to a cable, Reflection and refraction at a T-junction, Line terminated through a capacitance, capacitor connection at T, Attenuation of travelling waves. Capacitance switching, Over-voltages due to arcing ground. (Chapter - 9)
