1. Concepts of Measurement : Measurement System, Classification of instrument system, Methods of Measurement, Static characteristics like accuracy, precision, sensitivity, linearity, range, reproducibility, drift, threshold, dead zone etc., Dynamic characteristics like speed of response, fidelity, overshoot ect., Measurement Standards, Errors in measurement, Basic statistical evaluation of measurement data and errors - mean, standard deviation, Six sigma estimation. (Chapter - 1) 2. Transducers and Sensors : Definition, different types of transducers, criteria for selection, general characteristics and dynamic characteristics, transducers for measurement of temperature (Thermocouple and RTD), transducers for measurement of pressure, strain, transducers for measurement of displacement, speed, torque, Hall effect transducer. Sensors - basic concept - Speed and position sensors (Chapter - 2) 3. Measurement of Parameters : Measurement of resistance, Extending the range of meters - shunts, Potential divider, Instrument Transformer and their applications in the extension of instrument range, Measurement of voltage, current, power, energy, power factor and frequency (constructions and operating principles of corresponding instruments) (Chapter - 3) 4. Measurement of R, L and C : Different methods of measuring low, medium and high resistances, Wheatstone Bridge, Measurement of inductance and capacitance with the help of AC Bridges (Hay's Bridge, Schering Bridge, Maxwell bridge, anderson Bridge), LCR meter - working principles with block diagram. (Chapter - 4) 5. D.S.O : Digital recorders, Digital Storage Oscilloscope - Block diagram, theory and applications, Power scope. (Chapter - 5) 6. Display Devices : Characteristics of digital display, DVM and Digital multi meter, Clamp on meter, Megger. (Chapter - 6)
