UNIT - I Introduction : Concepts of Hydrologic cycle, Global Water Budget, Applications in Engineering. Sources of data. Precipitation : Forms of precipitation, characteristics of precipitation in India, measurement of precipitation : Recording and non-recording types, rain gauge network : mean precipitation over an area : Arithmetic, Theissen’s and Isohyetal methods, Missing Rainfall Data - Estimation, Consistency of Rainfall records, depth area - duration relationships, maximum intensity/depth-duration - frequency relationship, Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP), rainfall data in India. (Chapter - 1) UNIT - II Abstractions from precipitation : Evaporation process, evaporimeters, analytical methods of evaporation estimation, reservoir evaporation and methods for its reduction, evapotranspiration, measurement of evapotranspiration, evapotranspiration equations - Penman and Blaney & Criddle Methods, potential evapotranspiration over India, actual evapotranspiration, interception, depression storage, infiltration, infiltration capacity, measurement of infiltration, modelling infiltration capacity, classification of infiltration capacities, infiltration indices. Runoff : Components of Runoff, Factors affecting runoff, Basin yield, SCS - CN method of estimating runoff, Flow duration curves, Mass curve of runoff - Analysis. (Chapter - 2) UNIT - Ill Hydrographs : Hydrograph - Distribution of Runoff - Hydrograph Analysis Flood Hydrograph - Effective Rainfall - Base Flow - Base Flow Separation - Direct Runoff Hydrograph Unit pulse and Unit step function - Unit Hydrograph, definition, limitations and applications of Unit hydrograph, derivation of Unit Hydrograph from Direct Runoff Hydrograph and vice versa - S - hydrograph, Synthetic Unit Hydrograph. (Chapter - 3) UNIT - IV Groundwater Hydrology : UNIT - V Canal Systems
