Unit - I Introduction : Basic Concepts : System, Control Volume, Surrounding, Boundaries, Universe, Types of Systems, Macroscopic and Microscopic viewpoints, Concept of Continuum, Thermodynamic Equilibrium, State, Property, Process, Exact & Inexact Differentials, Cycle - Reversibility - Quasi - static Process, Irreversible Process, Causes of Irreversibility - Energy in State and in Transition, Types, Displacement & Other forms of Work, Heat, Point and Path functions, Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics - Concept of Temperature - Principles of Thermometry - Reference Points - Const. Volume gas Thermometer - Scales of Temperature, Ideal Gas Scale (Chapter - 1) Unit - II PMM I - Joule’s Experiments - First law of Thermodynamics - Corollaries - First law applied to a Process - applied to a flow system - Steady Flow Energy Equation. Limitations of the First Law - Thermal Reservoir, Heat Engine, Heat pump, Parameters of performance, Second Law of Thermodynamics, Kelvin-Planck and Clausius Statements and their Equivalence / Corollaries, PMM of Second kind, Carnot’s principle, Carnot cycle and its specialties, Thermodynamic scale of Temperature, Clausius Inequality, Entropy, Principle of Entropy Increase - Energy Equation, Availability and Irreversibility - Thermodynamic Potentials, Gibbs and Helmholtz Functions, Maxwell Relations - Elementary Treatment of the Third Law of Thermodynamics (Chapters - 2, 3) Unit - III Pure Substances, p-V-T- surfaces, T-S and h-s diagrams, Mollier Charts, Phase Transformations - Triple point at critical state properties during change of phase, Dryness Fraction - Clausius - Clapeyron Equation Property tables. Mollier charts - Various Thermodynamic processes and energy Transfer - Steam Calorimetry. Unit - IV Deviations from perfect Gas Model - Vader Waals Equation of State Unit - V Power Cycles
