Syllabus Applied Physics - (PH102BS / PH202BS) UNIT - I : QUANTUM PHYSICS AND SOLIDS Quantum Mechanics : Introduction to quantum physics, blackbody radiation - Stefan-Boltzmann’s law, Wein’s and Rayleigh-Jean’s law, Planck’s radiation law - photoelectric effect - Davisson and Germer experiment - Heisenberg uncertainty principle - Born interpretation of the wave function - time independent Schrodinger wave equation - particle in one dimensional potential box. Solids : Symmetry in solids, free electron theory (Drude & Lorentz, Sommerfeld) - Fermi-Dirac distribution - Bloch’s theorem - Kronig-Penney model - E-K diagram- effective mass of electron-origin of energy bands- classification of solids. (Chapter - 1) UNIT - II : SEMICONDUCTORS AND DEVICES Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors - Hall effect - direct and indirect band gap semiconductors - construction, principle of operation and characteristics of P-N Junction diode, Zener diode and bipolar junction transistor (BJT)-LED, PIN diode, avalanche photo diode (APD) and solar cells, their structure, materials, working principle and characteristics. (Chapter - 2) UNIT - III : DIELECTRIC, MAGNETIC AND ENERGY MATERIALS Dielectric Materials : Basic definitions- types of polarizations (qualitative) - ferroelectric, piezoelectric, and pyroelectric materials - applications - liquid crystal displays (LCD) and crystal oscillators. Magnetic Materials : Hysteresis - soft and hard magnetic materials - magnetostriction, magnetoresistance - applications - bubble memory devices, magnetic field sensors and multiferroics. Energy Materials : Conductivity of liquid and solid electrolytes - superionic conductors - materials and electrolytes for super capacitors - rechargeable ion batteries, solid fuel cells. (Chapter - 3) UNIT - IV : NANOTECHNOLOGY Nanoscale, quantum confinement, surface to volume ratio, bottom-up fabrication : sol-gel, precipitation, combustion methods - top-down fabrication : ball milling - physical vapor deposition (PVD) - chemical vapor deposition (CVD) - characterization techniques - XRD, SEM &TEM - applications of nanomaterials. (Chapter - 4) UNIT - V : LASER AND FIBER OPTICS Lasers : Laser beam characteristics-three quantum processes-Einstein coefficients and their relations - lasing action - pumping methods- ruby laser, He-Ne laser, CO2 laser, Argon ion Laser, Nd : YAG laser - semiconductor laser-applications of laser. Fiber Optics : Introduction to optical fiber- advantages of optical Fibers - total internal reflection construction of optical fiber - acceptance angle - numerical aperture- classification of optical fibers-losses in optical fiber - optical fiber for communication system - applications. (Chapter - 5)
