UNIT - I Theory of Parallelism, Parallel computer models, The State of Computing, Multiprocessors and Multicomputer, Multivector and SIMD Computers, PRAM and VLSI models, Architectural development tracks, Program and network properties, Conditions of parallelism, Program partitioning and Scheduling, Program flow Mechanisms, System interconnect Architectures. (Chapter - 1) UNIT - II Principles of Scalable Performance, Performance metrics and measures, Parallel Processing applications, Speed up performance laws, Scalability Analysis and Approaches, Hardware Technologies, Processes and Memory Hierarchy, Advanced Processor Technology, Superscalar and Vector Processors, Memory Hierarchy Technology, Virtual Memory Technology. (Chapter - 2) UNIT - III Bus Cache and Shared memory, Backplane bus systems, Cache Memory organizations, Shared - Memory Organizations, Sequential and weak consistency models, Pipelining and superscalar techniques, Linear Pipeline Processors, Non-Linear Pipeline Processors, Instruction Pipeline design, Arithmetic pipeline design, superscalar pipeline design. (Chapter - 3) UNIT - IV Parallel and Scalable Architectures, Multiprocessors and Multicomputers, Multiprocessor system interconnects, cache coherence and synchronization mechanism, Three Generations of Multicomputers, Message-passing Mechanisms, Multivetor and SIMD computers, Vector Processing Principles, Multivector Multiprocessors, Compound Vector processing, SIMD computer Organizations, The connection machine CM-5. (Chapter - 4) UNIT - V Scalable, Multithreaded and Dataflow Architectures, Latency-hiding techniques, Principals of Multithreading, Fine-Grain Multicomputers, Scalable and multithreaded Architectures, Dataflow and hybrid Architectures. (Chapter - 5)
