Unit I : Fundamental Theory of Radiation and Radiating Elements Fundamental equations for free space propagation, Friis transmission equation, Definition of antenna, radiation mechanism and types of antenna, performance parameters such as radiation pattern, directivity, gain, efficiency, half power beam width, bandwidth, polarization, input impedance, radiation efficiency, effective length, effective area, radiation sphere. (Chapter - 1) Unit II : Radiating Elements and Arrays Comparison of various radiating elements such as infinitesimal dipole, small dipole, finite length dipole and half wavelength dipole, analytical treatment of these elements. Planar, log periodic and Yagi Uda antenna. Types of arrays, two element array, N-element array, uniform amplitude uniformly spaced linear broad side and end-fire array. (Chapter - 2) Unit III : Transmission Lines and Waveguides General solution for TEM, TE and TM waves. Analysis of coaxial line and rectangular waveguides. Analysis of rectangular cavity resonators and their applications, Striplines : Structural details, types and applications. (Chapter - 3) Unit IV : Passive Microwave Components Construction, working principle and scattering analysis of passive microwave components such as E-plane, H-plane and magic tee. Ferrite composition, characteristics and Faraday rotation principle, Construction, working principle and scattering analysis of isolator, circulator and directional coupler, Construction and operation of gyrator. (Chapter - 4) Unit V : Active Microwave Components Limitations of conventional tubes, O and M type classification of microwave tubes, re-entrant cavity, velocity modulation. Construction, operation, performance analysis and applications of - Single cavity and two cavity klystron, cylindrical wave magnetron and Helix traveling wave. Construction, working principle and application of two terminal microwave devices such as tunnel diode, Gunn diode, PIN diode, Schottky Barrier diode and Varactor. (Chapter - 5) Unit VI : Microwave Systems and Microwave Measurement Techniques Microwave terrestrial and satelite communication system and industrial applications of microwaves such as microwave heating, thickness, and moisture measurement, medical application such as microwave diathermy. Microwave measurement devices such as slotted line, tuneable detector, VSWR meter, and their working principles, Microwave measurement techniques to measure S - parameters, frequency, power, attenuation, phase shift, VSWR, Impedance, Radiation hazards and protection. (Chapter - 6)
